Problem solved!
Browsing through recent github conributions, I found a thread, where @nick describes how to create the descriptions that we are discussing here (https://github.com/codecombat/codecombat/issues/399).
The descriptions are created using the level editor, for example https://direct.codecombat.com/editor/level/tiny . At the COMPONENT tab you can find the component programming.UsesHTML. At the “Setting” tab, you can get into the property “Property Documentation”. Here you will find all the tags (as the <p>-tag) and if you unfold them, you find the fields with name and description.
.You need to add i18n - entries (with [+] and sub entries for your language. It is similar to articles translation that I described at How to translate Articles
With that, it seems easy to translate all the HTML-Tag descriptions.
I you need a walkthroug, let me know!
Regards!
NB: Couldn’t work out how to translate the example though… So @maka, you are quite right: Now I can translate the transcription now, but not the examples, as there seem to be no i18n fields for that…